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1.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 90(1): 101356, 2024. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1534079

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objectives Olfactory loss is a recognized long-term dysfunction after Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. This investigation aimed to assess the effect of alpha-lipoic acid as an adjuvant treatment of olfactory training on the improvement of smell loss in post-COVID-19 patients. Methods This randomized controlled trial included 128 adult outpatients who had persistent smell loss for more than 3-months after COVID-19 infection. The participants were randomly allocated into two groups: the intervention treatment group, which received alpha-lipoic acid associated to olfactory training, and comparison treatment group, which received placebo pills associated to olfactory training. The participants were followed-up for 12-weeks. Olfactory dysfunction was assessed in terms of Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and the Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center (CCCRC) test for the Brazilian population. Results A total of 100 participants completed the follow-up period and were analyzed in this study. Both groups have improved CCCRC score (p= 0.000), olfactory threshold (p= 0.000), identification score (p= 0.000) and VAS score (p= 0.000) after 12-weeks follow-up. No significant differences were determined between the intervention and comparison treatment groups in CCCRC score (p= 0.63), olfactory threshold (p= 0.50), identification score (p= 0.96) and VAS score (p= 0.97). In all these criteria, comparison treatment group went slightly worse. At the endpoint of the study, the frequency of anosmia reduced to 2% in the intervention treatment group and to 7.8% in the comparison treatment group. Also, 16.8% of the intervention group' subjects, and 15.7% of comparison treatment group's patients reached normosmia. Conclusions Overall, there was a strongly significant difference in olfactory function between baseline and endpoint for both groups. However, based on the lack of significant difference between the intervention treatment and the comparison treatment groups in terms of olfactory changes, our study appoints that the alpha-lipoic acid is not better than olfactory training alone to treat olfactory loss after COVID-19. Level of evidence Level 2.

2.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 27(1): 102720, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1420728

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction The pathogenesis of cutaneous and mucosal leishmaniasis is associated with different immune responses. Vitamin D may modulate the immune system. Here we evaluate the association of vitamin D levels with the severity of the clinical forms of cutaneous and mucosal leishmaniasis. Methods We conducted an observational study evaluating the association between vitamin D levels, disease severity and therapeutic response in patients with cutaneous and mucosal leishmaniasis. Additionally, we conducted a cross-sectional study to compare vitamin D levels in patients with leishmaniasis and healthy subjects. Hypovitaminosis D was defined as a serum level of 25 (OH) D < 30 ng/mL. Results In patients with leishmaniasis, vitamin D serum levels were 38.5 ± 11.54 ng/mL, and 37.5 ± 10.43 ng/mL in healthy subjects The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D was 23.3% and 20.0%, respectively (p = 0.72). There was no correlation between vitamin D serum levels, disease severity, and healing time in the mucosal leishmaniasis group. Conclusion Vitamin D levels are not associated with neither susceptibility nor severity of tegumentary leishmaniasis.

3.
Int. arch. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 26(1): 137-147, Jan.-Mar. 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1364923

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has claimed millions of lives. Adequate protection of the professionals involved in patient care is essential in the battle against this disease. However, there is much uncertainty involving safety-relarted topics that are of particular interest to the rhinologist in the context of COVID-19. Objective To evaluate the current evidence regarding three safety-related topics: mask and respirator use, performance of nasal endoscopic procedures, and use of topical nasal and intranasal medications (saline irrigation and nasal corticosteroids). Methods A literature review was performed on the PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases, with standardized search queries for each of the three topics of interest. Results In total, 13 articles on mask use, 6 articles on the safety of nasal corticosteroids, 6 articles on the safety of nasal endoscopic procedures, and 1 article on nasal irrigation with saline solution were included in the final analysis. Conclusion N95 respirators are essential for the adequate protection of otolaryngologists. If reuse is necessary, physical methods of sterilization must be employed. No evidence was found to contraindicate the use of nasal corticosteroids, whether acute (in the management of sinonasal inflammatory conditions) or continued (in patients who use them chronically). Nasal irrigation with saline solution apparently does not increase the risk in the context of COVID-19. Nasal endoscopic procedures should only be performed after testing the patient for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and the surgical team must wear full personal protective equipment to prevent aerosol exposure.

4.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 86(4): 490-496, July-Aug. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1132608

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction Sudden olfactory dysfunction is a new symptom related to COVID-19, with little data on its duration or recovery rate. Objective To characterize patients with sudden olfactory dysfunction during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially their recovery data. Methods An online survey was conducted by the Brazilian Society of Otorhinolaryngology and Cervico-Facial Surgery, and Brazilian Academy of Rhinology, including doctors who assessed sudden olfactory dysfunction patients starting after February 1st, 2020. Participants were posteriorly asked by e-mail to verify data on the recovery of sudden olfactory loss and test for COVID-19 at the end of the data collection period. Results 253 sudden olfactory dysfunction patients were included, of which 59.1% were females with median age of 36 years, with a median follow-up period of 31 days. 183 patients (72.3%) had been tested for COVID-19, and of those 145 (79.2%) tested positive. Patients that tested positive for COVID-19 more frequently showed non-specific inflammatory symptoms (89.7% vs. 73.7%; p = 0.02), a lower rate of total recovery of sudden olfactory dysfunction (52.6% vs. 70.3%; p = 0.05) and a longer duration to achieve total recovery (15 days vs. 10 days; p = 0.0006) than the ones who tested negative for COVID-19. Considering only positive-COVID-19 patients, individuals with sudden hyposmia completely recovered more often than the ones with sudden anosmia (68.4% vs. 50.0%; p = 0.04). Conclusion Positive-COVID-19 patients with sudden olfactory dysfunction showed lower total recovery rate and longer duration than negative-COVID-19 patients. Additionally, total recovery was seen more frequently in positive-COVID-19 patients with sudden hyposmia than the ones with sudden anosmia.


Resumo Introdução A perda súbita do olfato é um novo sintoma relacionado à COVID-19, porém com poucos dados sobre sua duração ou resolução. Objetivo Caracterizar pacientes que apresentaram perda súbita do olfato durante a pandemia da COVID-19 e em especial a sua recuperação. Método Pesquisa online desenvolvida pela Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cérvico-Facial e Academia Brasileira de Rinologia direcionado aos médicos que atenderam pacientes com perda súbita do olfato com início após 1° de fevereiro de 2020. Os participantes foram questionados posteriormente por e-mail, para verificar os dados sobre a recuperação da perda súbita do olfato e teste para COVID-19, no final do período de coleta de dados. Resultados Foram incluídos 253 pacientes com perda súbita de olfato, 59,1% mulheres e idade mediana de 36 anos, acompanhados por 31 dias (mediana). Testagem para COVID-19 foi feita em 183 (72,3%) pacientes, 145 (79,2%) positivos e 38 (20,8%) negativos. COVID-19 positivos apresentaram sintomas inflamatórios inespecíficos mais frequentemente (89,7% vs. 73,7%; p = 0,02); menor taxa de recuperação total da perda súbita do olfato (52,6% vs. 70,3%; p = 0,05) e maior tempo para atingir a recuperação total (15 dias vs. 10 dias; p = 0,0006) comparados aos COVID-19 negativos. Considerando somente COVID-19 positivos, hiposmia súbita apresentou melhoria total mais frequentemente do que anosmia súbita (68,4% vs. 50,0%; p = 0,04). Conclusão A perda súbita do olfato em pacientes COVID-19 positivos apresentou menor taxa de recuperação total e duração mais prolongada do que em Covid-19 negativos. E a hiposmia súbita apresentou recuperação total mais frequentemente do que a anosmia súbita em COVID-19 positivos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Pneumonia, Viral/diagnosis , Coronavirus Infections/diagnosis , Pandemics , Betacoronavirus , Olfaction Disorders/etiology , Pneumonia, Viral/complications , Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology , Brazil , Coronavirus Infections , Coronavirus Infections/complications , Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology
5.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 86(3): 273-280, May-June 2020.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1132602

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: We are facing a pandemic with a great impact worldwide, as a result of the rapid spread of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19). The medical community is still getting to know behavior of this virus and the consequences from a population point of view. All this knowledge is extremely dynamic, so some behaviors are still not well established. Otorhinolaryngologists have a central role in the management of this situation, in which they must assess the patient, avoid contamination to and by health professionals and other patients. Thus, the recommendations of the Brazilian Association of Otorhinolaryngology and Cervical-Facial Surgery (ABORL-CCF) have the main objective of reducing the spread of the new coronavirus during otorhinolaryngological care and assisting in the management of these patients. Methods: Review of the main recommendations of national and international scientific societies, decisions by government agencies and class councils. The topics will be related to the general aspects of COVID-19, personal protective equipment, care in patient assistance, endoscopic exam routines and the management of sinonasal, otological and pediatric evaluations related to COVID-19. Results: The use of personal protective equipment is considered crucial in routine ENT care. We recommend postponing appointments, exams and elective surgeries to reduce the spread of COVID-19. Similarly, we recommend changing routines in several areas of otolaryngology. Additionally, guidance is provided on the use of telemedicine resources during the pandemic period. Conclusions: We are still at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic and scientific evidence is still scarce and incomplete, so these ABORL-CCF recommendations for otorhinolaryngologists may be updated based on new knowledge and the pattern of the new coronavirus spread.


Resumo: Introdução: Estamos diante de uma pandemia de grande impacto mundial como resultado da rápida propagação do novo coronavírus, COVID-19. A comunidade médica está ainda conhecendo o comportamento desse vírus e as repercussões do ponto de vista populacional. Todo esse conhecimento é extremamente dinâmico, por isso algumas condutas ainda não estão bem estabelecidas. O otorrinolaringologista tem um papel central no manejo dessa situação em que deve avaliar o paciente e evitar a contaminação dos profissionais da saúde e dos demais pacientes. Dessa forma, as recomendações da Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cérvico-Facial (ABORL-CCF) têm por objetivo principal reduzir a propagação do novo coronavírus durante o atendimento otorrinolaringológico e auxiliar no manejo desses pacientes. Método: Revisão das principais recomendações das sociedades científicas nacionais, internacionais, decisões de órgãos governamentais e de conselhos de classe. Os tópicos serão relativos aos aspectos gerais do COVID-19, equipamentos de proteção individual, cuidados no atendimento ao paciente, as rotinas dos exames endoscópicos e o manejo de aspectos nasossinusais, otológicos e pediátricos relacionados ao COVID-19. Resultados: É considerado crucial o uso de equipamento de proteção individual no atendimento otorrinolaringológico de rotina. Recomendamos postergar atendimentos, exames e cirurgias eletivas para diminuir a propagação do COVID-19. Da mesma forma, recomendamos mudança de rotinas em diversas áreas da otorrinolaringologia. Além disso, orientações sobre o uso do recurso da telemedicina durante o período de vigência da pandemia. Conclusões: Estamos ainda no início da pandemia do COVID-19 e as evidências científicas são ainda escassas, por isso essas recomendações da ABORL-CCF para os otorrinolaringologistas podem sofrer atualizações baseadas nos novos conhecimentos e no padrão de disseminação do novo coronavírus.


Subject(s)
Humans , Otolaryngology/standards , Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control , Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control , Pandemics/prevention & control , Personal Protective Equipment/standards , Betacoronavirus , Societies, Medical , Practice Patterns, Physicians' , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional/prevention & control , Coronavirus Infections
6.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 84(6): 677-686, Nov.-Dec. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-974387

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: Functional endonasal endoscopic surgery is a frequent surgical procedure among otorhinolaryngologists. In 2014, the European Society of Rhinology published the "European Position Paper on the Anatomical Terminology of the Internal Nose and Paranasal Sinuses", aiming to unify the terms in the English language. We do not yet have a unified terminology in the Portuguese language. Objective: Transcultural adaptation of the anatomical terms of the nose and paranasal cavities of the "European Anatomical Terminology of the Internal Nose and Paranasal Sinuses" to Portuguese. Methods: A group of rhinologists from diverse parts of Brazil, all experienced in endoscopic endonasal surgery, was invited to participate in the creation of this position paper on the anatomical terms of the nose and paranasal sinuses in the Portuguese language according to the methodology adapted from that previously described by Rudmik and Smith. Results: The results of this document were generated based on the agreement of the majority of the participants according to the most popular suggestions among the rhinologists. A cross-cultural adaptation of the sinonasal anatomical terminology was consolidated. We suggest the terms "inferior turbinate", "nasal septum", "(bone/cartilaginous) part of the nasal septum", "(middle/inferior) nasal meatus", "frontal sinus drainage pathway", "frontal recess" and "uncinate process" be standardized. Conclusion: We have consolidated a Portuguese version of the European Anatomical Terminology of the Internal Nose and Paranasal Sinuses, which will help in the publication of technical announcements, scientific publications and the teaching of the internal anatomical terms of the nose and paranasal sinuses in Brazil.


Resumo: Introdução: A cirurgia endoscópica funcional endonasal é um procedimento cirúrgico frequente entre os otorrinolaringologistas. Em 2014, a Sociedade Europeia de Rinologia publicou o "Documento Europeu para Posicionamento sobre a Terminologia Anatômica Interna do Nariz e das Cavidades Paranasais" com o objetivo de unificar os termos na língua inglesa. Ainda não dispomos de uma terminologia unificada na língua portuguesa. Objetivo: Adaptação transcultural dos termos anatômicos do nariz e das cavidades paranasais para o português da "European Anatomical Terminology of the Internal Nose and Paranasal Sinuses". Método: Um grupo de rinologistas de todo o Brasil, com experiência em cirurgia endoscópica endonasal, foi convidado a participar da elaboração desse posicionamento sobre os termos anatômicos do nariz e das cavidades paranasais para o português conforme metodologia adaptada da previamente descrita por Rudmik e Smith. Resultados: Os resultados desse documento foram gerados a partir da concordância da maioria dos participantes conforme as sugestões mais populares entre os rinologistas. Uma adaptação transcultural da terminologia anatômica nasossinusal foi consolidada. Sugerimos que se busque uniformizar termos como "concha inferior", "septo nasal", "porção (óssea/cartilaginosa) do septo nasal", "meato (médio/ inferior) nasal", "via da drenagem do seio frontal", "recesso frontal" e "processo uncinado". Conclusão: Consolidamos uma versão adaptada em português da "European Anatomical Terminology of the Internal Nose and Paranasal Sinuses" que auxiliará a publicação de comunicados técnicos, publicações científicas e o ensino dos termos anatômicos internos do nariz e das cavidades paranasais no Brasil.


Subject(s)
Humans , Paranasal Sinuses/anatomy & histology , Nose/anatomy & histology , Cross-Cultural Comparison , Terminology as Topic , Paranasal Sinuses/surgery , Brazil , Nose/surgery , Prospective Studies , Consensus , Language , Nasal Cavity/anatomy & histology , Nasal Cavity/surgery
7.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 51(2): 207-211, Mar.-Apr. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1041456

ABSTRACT

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)induces exaggerated Th1 responses, whereas atopy is associated with exacerbated Th2 responses. METHODS: Here, a cross-sectional study compared the prevalence of atopy in HTLV-1 carriers and HAM/TSP patients. It also compared the spontaneous cytokine production in HTLV-1-infected individuals. A retrospective cohort study evaluated the development of neurological manifestations in atopic and non-atopic carriers. RESULTS: Atopic HAM/TSP patients with high IFN-γ production exhibited higher IL-5 levels than non-atopic patients. Allergic rhinitis accelerated the development of Babinski signals and overactive bladders. CONCLUSIONS: Abnormal Th1 and Th2 responses coexist in HTLV-1-infected individuals and allergic diseases may worsen the clinical course of HTLV-1 infections.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , HTLV-I Infections/complications , Hypersensitivity, Immediate/epidemiology , Nervous System Diseases/virology , HTLV-I Infections/immunology , HTLV-I Infections/pathology , Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic/complications , Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic/immunology , Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic/pathology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Cohort Studies , Cytokines/biosynthesis , Hypersensitivity, Immediate/immunology , Hypersensitivity, Immediate/blood , Middle Aged , Nervous System Diseases/immunology
8.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 83(2): 215-227, Mar.-Apr. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-839424

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: Inflammatory conditions of the nose and paranasal sinuses are very prevalent in the general population, resulting in marked loss of quality of life in affected patients, as well as significant work, leisure, and social activity losses. These patients require specific and specialized treatment. A wide range of oral medications are available. Objective: The present document is aimed to clarify, for professionals treating patients with inflammatory sinonasal diseases, both specialists and general practitioners, specific oral therapies in noninfectious nasal inflammatory conditions. Methods: The methodology used to create this article included the search for the key words: oral corticosteroids, antihistamines, antileukotrienes, rhinitis, rhinosinusitis in the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases in the last 5 years. Since no relevant article was found for the text on the subject of interest in the last 5 years, the search was extended for another 5 years, and so on, according to the authors’ needs. Results: Relevant literature was found regarding the use of antihistamines, antileukotrienes and oral corticosteroids in these conditions. The Brazilian Academy of Rhinology emphasizes, after extensive discussion by the collegiate, key points in the treatment with these drugs. Conclusion: There is support in the literature for the use of these drugs; however, final considerations about the role of each of them have been made.


Resumo Introdução: As afecções inflamatórias do nariz e dos seios paranasais são muito prevalentes na população geral, causam acentuada perda de qualidade de vida dos pacientes afetados, geram perdas significativas das atividades de trabalho, lazer e sociais. Esses pacientes necessitam de tratamento específico e especializado e uma ampla gama de medicações orais está disponível. Objetivo: O presente documento tem por objetivo esclarecer àqueles que tratam das doenças nasossinusais inflamatórias, tanto especialistas quanto generalistas, sobre as terapêuticas orais nas afecções inflamatórias nasais não infecciosas. Método: A metodologia usada para elaboração deste artigo incluiu a busca das palavras chave: corticosteroides orais, anti-histamínicos, antileucotrienos, rinite, rinossinusite nos bancos de dados Medline e Embase nos últimos 5 anos. Como não foi achado artigo relevante para o texto sobre o assunto de interesse nos últimos 5 anos, a busca foi estendida por mais 5 anos, e assim por diante, de acordo com a necessidade dos autores. Resultados: Literatura relevante foi encontrada com relação ao uso dos anti-histamínicos, antileucotrienos e corticosteroides orais nessas afecções. A Academia Brasileira de Rinologia ressalta, após amplo debate do colegiado, pontos-chave no tratamento com esses medicamentos. Conclusão: Há respaldo na literatura para o uso desses medicamentos, entretanto considerações finais acerca do papel de cada deles foram feitas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Sinusitis/drug therapy , Rhinitis/drug therapy , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/administration & dosage , Leukotriene Antagonists/administration & dosage , Histamine Antagonists/administration & dosage , Brazil , Acute Disease , Chronic Disease , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/adverse effects , Leukotriene Antagonists/adverse effects , Academies and Institutes , Histamine Antagonists/adverse effects
9.
Int. arch. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 19(1): 96-98, Jan-Mar/2015. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-741540

ABSTRACT

Introduction Mucoceles are benign expansive cystic formations, composed of a mucus-secreting epithelium (respiratory or pseudostratified epithelium). Nasolacrimal mucocele occurs in a small proportion of children with nasolacrimal duct obstruction and is characterized by a cystic mass in the medial canthus with dilation of the nasolacrimal duct; although dacryocystoceles are rare in adults, they have been reported in patients with trachoma. Objective Discuss clinical aspects, diagnosis, and therapeutic management of mucocele of nasolacrimal duct based on literature review. Resumed Report The authors report a case of bilateral congenital nasolacrimal duct cysts in a 30-year-old man, identified as a tumor in the topography of both lacrimal sacs since birth without associated symptoms. The patient underwent successive surgical treatments, leading to recurrence of the tumor at the right side and recurrent local infections. Conclusion Endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy has been increasingly used with good results and success rates similar to the external access. .


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics , Mutation/genetics , Nervous System Diseases/genetics , Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase/genetics , Databases, Bibliographic/statistics & numerical data , Hemiplegia/genetics , Models, Molecular , Nervous System Diseases/diagnosis , Parkinson Disease/genetics , Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase/metabolism
10.
Arq. int. otorrinolaringol. (Impr.) ; 16(1): 130-134, fev.-mar. 2012. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-620563

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: A osteomielite frontal é uma complicação de rinossinusite que pode ter evolução aguda ou crônica. Há reação inflamatória com aumento da pressão intra-óssea, isquemia e necrose local, levando à formação de abscesso ósseo. Não havendo drenagem, ocorrerá descolamento do periósteo, invasão de partes moles e piora da isquemia com posterior sequestro ósseo. MÉTODO: Relato de caso de um paciente internado em serviço de emergência de outra instituição por complicação de rinossinusite que foi encaminhado para o Serviço de Otorrinolaringologia do Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos da Universidade Federal da Bahia. RELATO DE CASO: Paciente masculino, 16 anos, apresentou-se ao serviço de emergência de outra instituição com cefaleia, vômitos e febre que evoluiu com edema periorbitário e frontal à esquerda, cursando com flutuação palpebral e frontal.Submetido à drenagem de abscesso palpebral e frontal, com antibioticoterapia de amplo espectro sem melhora. Encaminhado para o nosso serviço mantendo edema e flutuação em região frontal e edema leve em região periorbitária esquerda. A endoscopia nasal evidenciou edema em meato médio à esquerda e a tomografia computadorizada mostrou sinusite fronto-etmoidal à esquerda e sinais de osteomielite frontal com sequestro ósseo e empiema epidural.Submetido à cirurgia endoscópica nasossinusal, acesso externo para exérese do osso frontal acometido e drenagem do empiema epidural. Evoluiu com remissão da doença. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: A falência no diagnóstico e no tratamento das complicações da rinossinusite pode levar a sequelas e complicações fatais.O diagnóstico de osteomielite frontal é firmado pela suspeita clinica e confirmado por exames radiológicos.A cirurgia está indicada quando a evolução for insidiosa, havendo sequestro ósseo ou complicações intracranianas.


INTRODUCTION: The frontal osteomyelitis is a complication of rhinosinusitis which can evolve to acute or chronicle. There is inflammatory reaction by the increasing of intraosseous pressure, ischemia and local necrosis, leading to bone abscess formation. There is no drainage, it will occur detachment of the periosteum, soft tissue invasion and worsening of ischemia with subsequent bone sequestration. METHOD: Case report of an inpatient in an emergency service of another institution by the complication of rhinosinusitis who was referred to the Otorhinolaryngology Service of University Hospital Professor Edgard Santos of Federal University of Bahia. CASE REPORT: Male patient, 16 years-old, presented himself to the ER of another institution with cephalea, vomits and fever which evolved to periorbital edema and frontal to the left, moving to palpebral fluctuation and frontal. Subjected to frontal and palpebral abscess drainage, with broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy with no improvement. He was referred to our service keeping edema and fluctuation in region frontal and light edema in left periorbital region. The nasal endoscopy showed edema in meatus to the left and the computerized tomography showed fronto-ethmoid sinusitis to the left and signs of frontal osteomyelitis with bone sequestration and epidural empyema. Subjected to sinasal endoscopy surgery, external Access or removal of the frontal one affected and epidural empyema drainage. Evolved to the remission of the disease. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: Failure in the diagnosis and rhinosinusitis complication treatment can lead to sequalae and fatal complications. The diagnosis of the frontal osteomyelitis is confirmed by the clinical suspicion and confirmed by radiological examination. The surgery is indicated when the evolution is insidious, there is bone sequestration and intracranial complications.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Abscess/surgery , Abscess/microbiology , Clinical Evolution , Drainage , Frontal Bone/physiopathology , Frontal Bone/pathology , Osteomyelitis/complications , Frontal Sinusitis/surgery , Frontal Sinusitis/complications , Frontal Sinusitis/microbiology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
11.
Arq. int. otorrinolaringol. (Impr.) ; 15(2): 241-244, abr.-jun. 2011. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-594672

ABSTRACT

Introdução: Dentre as complicações da rinossinusite, as orbitárias são as mais frequentes, e estas, ocorrem na maioria dos casos entre jovens e crianças. Complicações simultâneas envolvendo a órbita e o espaço intracraniano são extremamente raras, mas devem ser tratadas agressivamente pois oferecem alta taxa de morbidade e mortalidade. Relato do Caso: Neste trabalho, os autores relatam um caso de um paciente que se apresentou com celulite pré-septal e abscesso epidural, como complicações simultâneas de uma rinossinusite aguda. No paciente deste estudo, optou-se pelo tratamento clínico associado à cirurgia endoscópica nasossinusal e drenagem neurocirúrgica do abscesso intracraniano. A TC foi suficiente no caso apresentado para a realização do diagnóstico. Comentários Finais: Recomenda-se entretanto, que nos casos de pacientes com complicações da rinossinusite, a investigação da extensão intracraniana seja aprofundada, mesmo quando esta, a princípio não seja tão evidente. Dada a natureza polimicrobiana dessas infecções, uma antibioticoterapia agressiva guiada por cultura e um acompanhamento por equipe multidisciplinar, aumentam consideravelmente as chances de sucesso.


Introduction: Among the rhinosinusitis complications, the orbital are the most frequent ones, occurring mostly in the youngsters and children. Simultaneous complications involving the intracranial orbit and space are extremely rare, but they must be severely treated for they have a high rate of morbidity and mortality. Case report: In this work, the authors report a case of a patient who appeared to have preseptal cellulites and epidural abscess, in the form of simultaneous complications of an acute rhinosinusitis. In the patient of this case, choice was made for a clinic treatment associated with a nasosinusal endoscopic surgery and neurosurgical drainage of the intracranial abscess. CT was enough to achieve the diagnosis of this case. Final commentaries: However, it is recommended that, in cases where patients have rhinosinusitis complications, an extensive intracranial investigation needs to be deepened even when this is not so evident in the beginning. Given the polymicrobial nature of these infections, an aggressive culture-guided antibiotic therapy and a multidisciplinary follow-up significantly increase the likelihood of success.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Epidural Abscess/pathology , Rhinitis/complications , Sinusitis/complications , Orbit/physiopathology
13.
Arq. int. otorrinolaringol. (Impr.) ; 14(3)jul.-set. 2010. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese, English | LILACS | ID: lil-558352

ABSTRACT

Introdução: Papiloma nasossinusal é um tumor benigno com origem no epitélio schneideriano da parede nasal lateral. Sua incidência é rara e de acordo com a literatura responde por 0,5 a 4% de todos os tumores nasais. Objetivo: Reportar a experiência da nossa instituição no tratamento do papiloma nasossinusal invertido utilizando acesso endoscópico e comparar os resultados obtidos com os relatos da literatura. Método: Estudo retrospectivo de todos os pacientes com papiloma nasossinusal que realizaram tratamento cirúrgico puramente endoscópico no ambulatório de Otorrinolaringologia do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), no período de janeiro de 2004 a maio de 2010. Resultados: Um total de 12 pacientes foi incluído neste estudo. O seguimento médio foi de 23 meses. Houve 1 caso de recidiva. Não ocorreu transformação maligna nestes casos. Conclusão: O tratamento do papiloma nasossinusal tem sido amplamente beneficiado com o avanço das técnicas endoscópicas, com taxas de recorrência equivalentes àquelas reportadas por acesso externo. Exames de imagem são fundamentais no planejamento pré-operatório e na decisão da técnica cirúrgica. Um seguimento regular e de longo prazo é essencial para um bom acompanhamento da evolução desta patologia.


Introduction: Sinonasal Papilloma is a benign tumor originating from the epithelium schneiderian lateral nasal wall. Its incidence is rare and according to literature accounts for 0.5 to 4% of all nasal tumors. Objective: To report our institution's experience in the treatment of sinonasal inverted papilloma using endoscopic approach and compare the results with the literature. Methods: A retrospective study of all patients with sinonasal papillomas who underwent a purely endoscopic surgery in the Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital das Clinicas, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), from January 2004 to May 2010. Results: A total of 12 patients were included in this study. The median follow-up was 23 months. There was one case of recurrence. Malignant transformation has not occurred in these cases. Conclusion: The treatment of sinonasal papilloma has been largely benefited from the advances in endoscopic techniques, with recurrence rates equivalent to those reported for external access. Imaging exams are essential in preoperative planning and the decision of surgical technique. A regular follow-up and long term is essential for a good monitoring of the evolution of this pathology.


Subject(s)
Paranasal Sinus Diseases/surgery , Endoscopy , Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures , Papilloma, Inverted/surgery , Paranasal Sinuses/surgery
14.
Rev. dent. press ortodon. ortopedi. facial ; 14(4): 83-91, jul.-ago. 2009. ilus, graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-520198

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: a hipertrofia de adenoide é uma das principais causas da respiração bucal. Entre os métodos utilizados para o diagnóstico dessa condição, os mais precisos são a endoscopia nasal e a ressonância magnética. No entanto, o método mais utilizado, em Odontologia, é a radiografia cefalométrica lateral. OBJETIVO: determinar a eficácia dessa radiografia no diagnóstico da hipertrofia de adenoide, pela sua comparação com a endoscopia nasal. MÉTODOS: foram avaliados 30 indivíduos (7 a 12 anos). Todos fizeram exame de endoscopia nasal e radiografia cefalométrica lateral. Nas endoscopias, foi registrada a porcentagem de obstrução da nasofaringe e, nas radiografias, a menor dimensão anteroposterior livre da nasofaringe. RESULTADOS: os exames se mostraram fortemente correlacionados (r = - 0,793, p-valor < 0,01). Considerou-se portadores de hipertrofia severa de adenoide os pacientes que apresentaram, na endoscopia, obstrução da nasofaringe igual ou superior a 75 por cento e, nas radiografias, o menor diâmetro anteroposterior da nasofaringe igual ou inferior a 5mm; o exame radiográfico teve uma sensibilidade de 75 por cento, especificidade de 86,3 por cento, valor preditivo positivo de 66,7 por cento, valor preditivo negativo de 90,4 por cento e exatidão de 83,3 por cento. CONCLUSÃO: a radiografia cefalométrica lateral se mostrou um exame eficiente para o diagnóstico da hipertrofia de adenoide.


INTRODUCTION: One of the most usual causes of mouth breathing is adenoids hypertrophy with reduction of the nasopharyngeal space. The most precise diagnostic methods are magnetic resonance and nasal endoscopy, because they make possible a three dimension image of the nasopharynx. However, in Dentistry, cephalometric radiography is the method used in the majority of cases. That is why it is so important the evaluation of the efficacy of this diagnostic method. AIM: The aim of this paper is to determine the efficacy of the lateral cephalometric radiography in diagnosing adenoids hypertrophy, comparing this method to the nasal endoscopy. METHODS: Thirty patients (7 to 12 years), with no history of otolaryngological surgery, were evaluated. All of them were submitted to a nasal endoscopy and a lateral cephalometric radiography. In the endoscopic exams it was registered the percentage of nasopharyngeal obstruction and in the radiographic exams it was registered the minor nasopharyngeal dimension. RESULTS: The results of the exams showed a strong correlation with each other (r = - 0.793, p-value < 0.01). After that, reliability tests to the radiographic diagnose were performed, assuming that 75 percent (endoscopic exams) and 5mm (radiographic exams) were the limit values to the determination of the diagnose of severe adenoids hypertrophy. The radiographic exam showed a sensibility of 75 percent, specificity of 86.3 percent, positive predictive value of 66.7 percent, negative predictive value of 90.4 percent and an exactness of 83.3 percent. Therefore, lateral cephalometric radiography is an efficient method of adenoids hypertrophy diagnose. It was proved by the strong correlation of its results with the results of the nasal endoscopy, that is considered a method of excellence for diagnosing this condition.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adenoids , Cephalometry , Radiography , Endoscopy , Mouth Breathing
15.
Rev. bras. otorrinolaringol ; 73(6): 843-847, nov.-dez. 2007. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-474422

ABSTRACT

A leishmaniose tem sido documentada em diversos países, sendo estimada uma prevalência mundial de 12 milhões, com 400.000 casos novos de doença por ano. A leishmaniose tegumentar americana encontra-se situada entre as grandes endemias existentes no Brasil e na América Latina. OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste estudo é complementar o conhecimento sobre leishmaniose mucosa, apresentando a experiência dos Serviços de Imunologia e de Otorrinolaringologia do Hospital Universitário Professor Edgar Santos da Universidade Federal da Bahia. COMENTÁRIOS: A leishmaniose cutânea é a forma mais comum de leishmaniose tegumentar americana, contudo, concomitantemente ou após anos de doença cutânea podem ocorrer lesões mucosas. A leishmaniose mucosa é causada principalmente pela L. braziliensis braziliensis e, apesar de a mucosa nasal ser a área principalmente acometida, lesões podem também ser documentadas nos lábios, boca, na faringe e na laringe. Fatores do parasito, bem como da resposta imune do hospedeiro podem estar envolvidos na patogênese da lesão tissular na leishmaniose mucosa.


Leishmaniasis has been documented in several countries, with an estimated prevalence of 12 million people and an incidence at around 400,000 new cases per year. Leishmaniasis in the New World is one the major endemic diseases in Brazil and Latin America. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to add to the current knowdlegde on mucosal leishmaniasis, bringing the experience of the Imunology and Otolaryngology Departments in the Professor Edgar Santos University Hospital of the Federal University of Bahia. CONCLUSION: Cutaneous leishmaniasis is the most common form of New World Leishmaniasis; mucosal legions may occur simultaneously or after years of disease. Mucosal leishmaniasis is caused mainly by L. braziliensis braziliensis; although the nasal mucosa is the most affected area, lesions may be found on the lips, mouth, pharynx and larynx. In addition to parasite-related factors, the host immune response may be involved in the pathogenicity of lesions in mucosal leishmaniasis.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous , Brazil/epidemiology , Diagnosis, Differential , Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous/diagnosis , Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous/epidemiology , Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous/microbiology
16.
Rev. bras. otorrinolaringol ; 73(2): 204-209, mar.-abr. 2007. ilus, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-453359

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO E OBJETIVO: O óstio do seio frontal freqüentemente apresenta difícil reconhecimento devido a estruturas anatômicas que encobrem sua visibilização. O objetivo principal desse estudo foi identificar e descrever as estruturas anatômicas do recesso frontal que dificultam o reconhecimento do óstio do seio frontal. CASUíSTICA E MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo prospectivo por meio de dissecção endoscópica consecutiva de 32 cadáveres (59 fossas nasais), 10 (31,25 por cento) do sexo feminino e 22 (68,75 por cento) do sexo masculino. Após exérese endoscópica da porção inferior do processo uncinado, com a preservação da sua inserção superior, avaliamos quais estruturas anatômicas necessitavam ser removidas até a completa visibilização endonasal do óstio do seio frontal. RESULTADOS E CONCLUSÃO: A visibilização do óstio do seio frontal após a exérese da porção inferior do processo uncinado foi possível em apenas 11 (18,64 por cento) fossas nasais. O processo uncinado (recesso terminal) representou a principal estrutura anatômica que dificultou o reconhecimento endonasal do óstio do seio frontal, ocorrendo em 45 (76,27 por cento) fossas nasais, seguido pela bolha etmoidal (16,95 por cento) e a célula agger nasi (6,78 por cento).


INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: The frontal sinus ostium is frequently difficult to recognize because of anatomical structures that hide it. The objective of the present study was to identify and describe the frontal recess anatomy that impairs the endoscopic recognition of the frontal sinus ostium. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A prospective study was conducted by consecutive endoscopic dissections of 32 cadavers (59 sides), 10 (31.25 percent) females and 22 (68.75 percent) males. After resection of the lower portion of the uncinate process, with preservation of its upper insertion, we evaluated which anatomical structures needed to be removed for complete visualization of the frontal sinus ostium. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Visualization of the frontal sinus ostium after resection of the lower portion of the uncinate process was possible in only 11 (18.64 percent) nasal cavities. The uncinate process (terminal recess) was the main anatomical structure that impaired the recognition of the frontal sinus ostium, present in 45 (76.27 percent) nasal cavities, followed by the ethmoid bulla (16.95 percent) and agger nasi cells (6.78 percent).


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Dissection/methods , Endoscopy/methods , Frontal Sinus/anatomy & histology , Cadaver
17.
Rev. bras. otorrinolaringol ; 72(3): 303-308, maio-jun. 2006. ilus, graf, tab
Article in Portuguese, English | LILACS | ID: lil-436280

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: a artéria etmoidal anterior (AEA) é um importante ponto de reparo anatômico para localização do seio frontal e da base de crânio. Entretanto, apesar de diversos estudos endoscópicos em cadáveres, ainda não temos um estudo anatômico sobre AEA na população ocidental. OBJETIVOS: Determinar pontos de reparo para localização da artéria, estudar sua relação com a base do crânio e grau de deiscência, assim como variações intra e interindividuais. CASUíSTICA E MÉTODOS: Foram realizadas dissecções das fossas nasais em 25 cadáveres. RESULTADOS: O comprimento médio do trajeto intranasal da artéria etmoidal anterior foi de 5,82mm. O canal etmoidal anterior apresentou algum grau de deiscência em 66,7 por cento. A distância média do ponto médio da artéria à espinha nasal anterior foi de 61,72mm (dp = 4,18mm); à axila nasal foi de 64,04mm (dp = 4,69mm); e à axila anterior do corneto médio foi de 21,14mm (dp = 3,25mm). Para todas as medidas, não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa quando comparados os lados direito e esquerdo (p>0,05). CONCLUSÕES: Concluímos que a axila da concha média é o ponto de reparo mais confiável para a localização da AEA.


INTRODUCTION: The anterior ethmoidal artery (AEA) is an important point of anatomical reference in order to locate the frontal sinus and the skull base. Notwithstanding, despite numerous endoscopic studies in cadavers, we still lack an anatomical study on the AEA in the western population. AIM: to determine reference points used to locate the artery, study its relationship with the skull base and its degree of dehiscence, as well as to study intra and inter individual variations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: we dissected the nasal fossae belonging to 25 cadavers. RESULTS: the average intranasal length of the anterior ethmoidal artery was 5.2 mm. The anterior ethmoidal canal presented some degree of dehiscence in 66.7 percent. The average distance between the artery middle point to the anterior nasal spine was of 61.72 mm (sd = 4.18 mm); to the lateral nasal wall (nasal axilla) was of 64.04 mm (sd = 4.69mm); and from the anterior axilla to the middle turbinate was of 21.14 mm (sd = 3.25 mm). For all the measures there was no statistically significant measures when both sides were compared (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that the middle conchae axilla is the most reliable point of reference to locate the AEA.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Endoscopy/methods , Ethmoid Sinus/blood supply , Arteries/anatomy & histology , Cadaver , Ethmoid Sinus/anatomy & histology
18.
Rev. bras. otorrinolaringol ; 71(6): 721-725, nov.-dez. 2005. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-441319

ABSTRACT

A dacricistorrinostomia (DCR) endoscópica é uma técnica aceita e bem estabelecida no tratamento de obstruções distais da via lacrimal tornando seu domínio pelos otorrinolaringologistas indispensável. OBJETIVO: O objetivo desse artigo é apresentar a experiência em DCR endoscópica da Divisão de Clínica Otorrinolaringológica do Hospital das Clínicas da USP, comparando com os resultados na literatura. FORMA DE ESTUDO: clínico retrospectivo. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Foram analisados prontuários de 17 pacientes (17 olhos), submetidos à DCR endoscópica, no período entre abril de 2001 e julho de 2004, na qual foram avaliados com relação a sexo, idade, etiologia, quadro clínico, técnica cirúrgica utilizada, uso de sonda de silicone e tempo de permanência, seguimento e as complicações observadas. RESULTADOS: Oito homens e nove mulheres, com idade variando de 29 a 79 (média: 42,64 13,1) apresentaram um seguimento médio de 15 meses. A causa principal da obstrução foi idiopática (58,8%). A epífora foi a queixa predominante. Em 6 pacientes utilizamos instrumentos motorizados, em um caso utilizamos o Laser Yag e no restante, chisel e martelo. Em todos os casos utilizamos sondas de silicone, por período médio de 7,9 semanas e o sucesso da técnica endonasal foi de 82,3%. CONCLUSÃO: A técnica endoscópica se mostrou uma técnica segura, com uma série de vantagens em relação à técnica externa e, desta forma, oftalmologistas e otorrinolaringologistas devem trabalhar em harmonia para oferecer maiores benefícios aos seus pacientes.


Endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (EN-DCR) is now a well-established procedure to relieve nasolacrimal duct obstruction, becoming its domain for the ENT surgeons indispensable. Aim: The aim of the present study is to report the experience of the Otorhinolaryngology Department of the University of S„o Paulo Medical School in the management of the obstruction of the drainage of the nasolacrimal system by EN-DCR, comparing with the results in literature. Study design: clinical retrospective. Material and method: We reviewed the medical records of 17 patients (17 eyes) that were submitted to EN-DCR between april 2001 and july 2004. We analysed: sex, age at the time of diagnosis, etiology, clinical findings, surgical technique, use of silicone tubes, follow-up and complications. Results: Eight men and nine women, the age range was from 29 to 79 years (mean 42.6413.1 years), mean follow-up time: 15 months, presented a lacrimal clinic with epiphora. Powered DCR was performed in 06 cases and YAG LASER in 01 patient. Silicone tubes were used in all cases and left in place mean 7.9 weeks. The surgical success rate was 82,3 percent. Conclusion: EN-DCR showed one safe technique, with advantages in relation to the external technique. So ophthalmologists and ENT physicians must work in harmony to offer more benefits to its patients.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Dacryocystorhinostomy/methods , Endoscopy/methods , Lacrimal Duct Obstruction/surgery , Follow-Up Studies , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
20.
Rev. bras. otorrinolaringol ; 69(2): 273-276, mar.-abr. 2003. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-335191

ABSTRACT

O condrossarcoma é uma neoplasia maligna proveniente de tecido cartilaginoso, cuja incidência em regiäo de cabeça e pescoço é rara. É mais freqüente em pacientes do sexo masculino, entre a terceira e quarta décadas, e na face localiza-se no seio e osso maxilar, sendo raro no septo nasal. Esse relato descreve o caso de uma paciente do sexo feminino, de 13 anos de idade, que apresentava queixa de deformidade facial em regiäo malar direita acompanhada de dores esporádicas. Ao exame físico apresentava um abaulamento de aproximadamente 3 cm de diâmetro em regiäo malar esquerda, näo sendo notada nenhuma alteraçäo à rinoscopia anterior. Foram realizadas tomografia computadorizada (TC) de seios paranasais, ressonância magnética de face e biópsia da lesäo para estudo anatomopatológico, que inicialmente sugeria o diagnóstico de condroma. Após a exérese da massa, a paciente evoluiu com recidiva da lesäo em apenas 5 meses. Diante deste fato surpreendente, foi requisitada a revisäo da lâmina que evidenciou Condrossarcoma tipo I. Nova cirurgia foi realizada, visando a remoçäo do tumor, com tratamento radioterápico complementar. Atualmente, a paciente se encontra em acompanhamento ambulatorial, sem queixas álgicas e sem sinas de recidiva. Os condrossarcomas säo tumores malignos de crescimento lento, mas localmente agressivos, tendo grande propensäo a recidivas. A conduta é preferencialmente cirúrgica, uma vez que säo pouco radiossensíveis e a quimioterapia é meramente paliativa. O objetivo deste estudo é apresentar um caso de condrossarcoma em seio maxilar, etmóide, esfenóide e septo, discutindo o quadro clínico, diagnóstico, fatores prognósticos e conduta


Subject(s)
Humans , Chondrosarcoma , Nose Neoplasms , Ethmoid Sinus , Nasal Obstruction/physiopathology
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